Operating systems, infrastructure, emulation, and technical history.
Deploy and validate kube-prometheus-stack with persistent storage, secure Grafana access, bounded cardinality, alert routing, and recovery tests.
Build a reusable Helm chart with safe templates, documented values, schema validation, immutable images, release tests, and OCI packaging checks.
Docker donated containerd to the CNCF in 2017, giving the ecosystem a neutral, focused runtime foundation later adopted directly by Kubernetes.
Kubernetes 1.24 removed dockershim after a long deprecation, moving nodes to CRI-native runtimes without invalidating Docker-built OCI images.
Helm began at Deis in 2015, merged ideas with Deployment Manager, removed Tiller in Helm 3, and matured into Kubernetes package management.
The OCI launched in 2015 to standardize container images, runtime bundles, execution, and distribution across competing tools and vendors.
Prometheus became the CNCF's second hosted project in 2016, placing metrics and alerting beside orchestration at the center of cloud native systems.
Two genuinely different DOS executable formats, with real structural differences in how each loads into memory and why COM files had a strict 64K limit.
The clever reload-from-disk trick that let DOS's COMMAND.COM recover automatically after a large program overwrote its expendable transient portion.
Getting a USB flash drive to appear as a drive letter under FreeDOS by correctly configuring USBASPI's driver chain, or falling back to BIOS-level access.