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4 posts
How Bash coprocesses expose input, output, and PID handles, and how to manage descriptor lifetime, backpressure, framing, failures, and shutdown.
$(command) captures text; <(command) exposes a live stream as a path-like argument. Buffering, exit-status visibility, and portability differ sharply.
FIFOs connect unrelated processes through a filesystem name; process substitution makes similar streams temporary, and both need careful failure handling.
A command mid-pipeline dies with 'Broken pipe,' often only when piped into head - a specific, well-defined signal, not a random failure.